Student Athletes

Nicholas Cubillas Jillian Swisher English102- #37 November 12th, 2012 Keeping College Sports In Line Should college athletes really be labeled as ‘employees’ eligible to be paid by the universities they attend? Or should the laws enacted by the National College Athletic Association (NCAA) remain unchanged leaving players unpaid? Whether or not college athletes should be paid has always been a relevant and controversial topic in the sports world. As a student at a Division 1 sports school and an avid college sports fan this topic interests me.Students need to realize that paying of college athletes would possibly affect the budgets of their schools, possibly taking away academic money towards athletics, and college sports fans also need to realize that the whole integrity of college sports is at stake if athletes begin to get paid. These athletes should realize they are students at their respective universities just as much as they are athletes, and should be satisfied wi th the many benefits they gain from joining Division 1 sports teams.College athletes should remain unpaid because they already reap great benefits from their schools like scholarships, it would be difficult to enact a fair way to pay off all athletes leading to corruption in the system, and some athletic programs do not even generate enough revenue to pay off athletes. College athletes do work hard in their respective sports; there is no doubt about that, which is why some believe they should be a put on a salary.Others believe the schools should not be able to pay students athletes, for a variety of reasons. Those who do side with the debate of paying college athletes believe that playing a sport at a Division 1 school is a full-time job, and college athletes should be compensated for the work they put in. They agree that Division 1 schools as well as the NCAA as a whole generate enough revenue that would allow student athletes to be paid. This money would be able to help students with some basic college expenses (Steve Spurrier Wants Players Paid).The other side of the debate, however, pushes that college athletes reap so many benefits already, the biggest one being a virtually free education, and it would not be fair to pay them. Those advocating for not paying college athletes believe they already get enough compensation from their universities, and they should be content with that. The paying of college athletes, however, brings about many problems like the distribution of money between players, what sports teams should be paid and how much, and the ability of some teams to gather enough revenue to pay their athletes.Both sides bring about their respective arguments, which strongly oppose of the others side’s views, which is why the paying of college athletes is an important issue to debate in the sports world. Ever since I was young I have always been an avid sports fan, which is why I have a strong stance on this issue. My father loved college fo otball, and I grew up watching it with him. I also go to a school where most of the athletic programs are Division 1, and these programs are likely to be effected if college athletes began getting paid.Personally, I would hate to watch college athletes become all about the money, which in my opinion, would most likely happen if college athletes were to get paid. Recruits would purely base their choice of school on how much they would be getting paid, not whether they want to play there or if they see themselves doing well with that program. That isn’t how college athletics should be, that’s what the NFL is for. Teams with the most revenue would get the best recruits, leading to them becoming powerhouse teams solely because their program generates large revenue than others.As a lifelong college sports fan, I would hate to see what I grew up watching become a money centered, corrupt sport that focuses more on revenue than the actual game itself. College athletes reap man y benefits that do not even compare to other students at the university. They are given scholarships, some to prestigious and expensive schools, and basically are getting a free education. These athletes need to realize they are students just as much as they are athletes, and that they were given the opportunity to perform well in their sports and get a free education as well.These students should in no means be labeled as employees under federal law, and the NCAA agrees with this. The Vice President of Legal Affairs for the NCAA, Donald Remy, addressed the issue in saying, â€Å"The NCAA, in accordance with courts that have addressed the issue, believes that student-athletes are not employees, under the law, and that they should not be treated as employees either by the law or by the schools they attend. † (Cooper).On the other side of the debate many student athletes believe they should be getting paid for their contributions beyond just the benefits they obtain like their free education, free apparel, and inside connections. In the article â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid? † former NCAA basketball player Jalen Rose states, â€Å"Collegiate athletes should be paid a stipend of $2,000 per semester† (48). Players of course advocate for them being paid, but are greedy in the fact that they do not realize that the benefits they obtain sum up to a large amount of money and are beneficial to them.These athletes have the opportunity to get a free education, gain national televised attention for their sports talent, possibly attend a bowl game visiting new stadiums and getting apparel for free, as well as being able to build connections in the sports world which they can use when they leave college. These student athletes need to open their eyes and realize that their education is just as important as the sport they play, and with the many benefits given to student athletes, that they can succeed and leave college with a good education allo wing them to get good jobs if they do not make it to the professional level.For these reasons college athletes should be content with and appreciate the free benefits they are getting from their universities. If college athletes were to be paid a salary, where would that money come from? In the survey taken by Schneider he found that, â€Å"If the NCAA were to allow payment, college students' most frequently believed the additional money should come from the athletics department (56%) and additional revenue generating contracts such a shoe and television contracts† (Schneider).It is a common misconception, however, by those who think student athletes should get paid that all Division 1 teams generate large revenues. In fact, an article published by NBC sports stated, â€Å"A recent NCAA report done by professor Dan Fulks of Transylvania University in Kentucky shows that only 14 of the 120 FBS schools profited from campus athletics during the 2009 fiscal year† (NCAA rep ort shows many college programs in the red). How will the other 106 teams that did not profit from campus athletics pay off their student athletes?It would not be fair for only profitable teams to pay their players and exclude the teams that lost money for their programs in a given year. As for the distribution amongst Division 1 teams the NCAA states, â€Å"Some of the distribution is earmarked for particular uses, such as funds that directly support academics† (Where Does the Money Go? ). This means that the schools that generate low revenues in their athletic programs would have to use the little money they do have to pay athletes, instead of putting forth academic improvements on the school.Is it really worth it to pay college athletes at the cost of taking away money from universities academic programs? Those who advocate for the paying of student athletes need to realize that from an economic standpoint, it does not make sense to pay these athletes. Another issue arisin g from the paying of college athletes is whether or not an equal amount of payment from program to program is fair for athletes.Andrew Geisler, a columnist, states that the first issue in paying college athletes is that, â€Å"it is inherently unfair to pay certain athletes and members of teams more than others† (Why paying college athletes is a bad idea). This view proposes that if college athletes were to be paid, they would all have to be paid fairly with the same amount of money. But would only the profitable programs like football and basketball pay off their athletes? Or would every Division 1 program at the school, like hockey and soccer, have to pay of their athletes?With this comes another issue, the corruption of the NCAA system that would occur if college athletes were to get paid. Since it would be unfair to pay one team in the same sports Division and not the other, or pay the athletes on a low budget team much less than those on a profitable team, if college ath letes were to get paid it would be based on the schools revenue. This would be unfair for other Division 1 schools because only profitable schools would pick up good recruits, and these athletic programs would be able to pay large sums of money for star players.This would make the NCAA corrupt and all about money, and college sports should not be like that. In Schneider’s investigation, â€Å"Examination of the results found that the primary reason advanced by students for supporting payment of athletes was that cheating, in the form of illegal payments, would decline† (Schneider). Contrary to this belief, however, allowing payment of student athletes will actually make matters worse and illegal payment will still happen regardless. Those ho believe the paying of college athletes would decrease corruption do not realize that this would allow college coaches to bargain with star recruits about money and it would become a battle of which team puts up the most money. Thes e coaches may even throw in some other benefits on top of the money to make them join the team, and if paying college athletes were legal, it would be easier for these coaches to sneak in other offers for them to join the team. Illegal payment will happen regardless, but if student athletes were to get paid it would be much easier for coaches to sneak under the radar in giving their athletes special benefits.College athletes really need to take a deeper look into all of the aspects before they believe they should be compensated. Not all college programs have the funds to be paying their athletes, and if multiple teams in the Division 1 programs are unable to pay their athletes, than all teams in that Division should be unable as well. College athletes gain a free education through scholarships along with many other benefits that will help them in the future. Paying off these athletes would ruin the game and make the sport all about money.The NCAA should maintain the same rules and c ontinue to not pay athletes, because if they do, college sports will never be the same again. Works Cited Aschoff, Edward. â€Å"Steve Spurrier Wants Players Paid. † ESPN. 01 2012: n. page. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Cooper, Kenneth J. â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid To Play?. † Diverse: Issues In Higher Education 28. 10 (2011): 12-13. ERIC. Web. 24 Oct. 2012 Geisler, Andrew. â€Å"Why paying college athletes is a bad idea. † miamistudent. net. The Miami Student, 20 2011.Web. 11 Nov 2012. â€Å"NCAA report shows many college programs in the red. † nbcsports. com. NBC, 25 Aug. 2010. Web. 11 Nov 2012. Rose, Jalen. â€Å"Should College Athletes Be Paid?. † Jet 119. 11 (2011): 48. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. Schneider, R. G. â€Å"Payment Of College Athletes: Student-Athletes' And Administrators' Perceptions. † International Sports Journal 4. 2 (2000): 44-55. SPORTDiscus with Full Text. Web. 25 Oct. 2012. â€Å"Where Does the Money Go?. † NCAA. org. NCAA, 08 2008. Web. 11 Nov 2012.

The Downfall of Victor Frankenstein

He was cared for and loved by his parents, as Is shown when he says â€Å"They seemed to draw Inexhaustible stores of affection from a very mine of love to bestow upon me† (Shelley 22). Victor also lived comfortably and without poverty, his parents even so much as taking In another child. With Elizabeth now In the family, he also learned about morals and responsibility, as shown when he states, â€Å"l, with childish seriousness. Interpreted her words literally and looked upon Elizabeth as mine – mine to protect, eve, and cherish† (Shelley 23) Victor was adequately raised with the right morals and an understanding of responsibility.Victor Frankincense's sudden deterioration of character begins as his mother's health fades away and when he begins attending the university of Magnolias. It is proved that his mental state is unbalanced when he states, â€Å"My internal being was in a state of insurrection and turmoil† (Shelley 36). As his mental health becomes unstable, he then becomes obsessed with science, making it his highest priority, even above his own health and family. Victor then suddenly became consumed with the concept of creating life artificially, and of the elixir of life.Although Victor does succeed in his dream of creating life, he is soon horrified at the sight of what he has created. He is not proud of the Creature, but disgusted at the sight of it, stating, â€Å"the beauty of the dream had vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart† (Shelley 57) Victor abandons his creation and leaving it to fend for itself, indirectly causing the murders of loved ones n account of his own shallowness, selfishness, vanity, and disregard of moral responsibility.As the novel progresses, Victor becomes concerned only for his well- being, and does not hide his contempt for the Creature. Both Victor's self-serving attitude and ego shines through when he Is more concerned for his own life, than the life of Justice's, when he condescendingly states, â€Å"†¦ I have confessed myself guilty of the crimes ascribed to Justine, but such a declaration would have been considered he ravings of a madman† (Shelley 66) Victor also shows no consideration In holding his contempt for the Creature, and the Creature becomes painfully aware of his creator's feelings towards him.

Artificial Intelligence Company Case Study

Discuss About The Artificial Intelligence Company Case Study? There are many articles, which have written on the rise of the robotics, which has been regarded as the robotics process automation, in the various organization across the industries. This very subject conjures the images of the robots taking over the workplace and it eventually the entire world (Brighton, 2015). First, it is important to know the definition of the robotics. Accounting to the institute for the Robotic process Automation as well as the Artificial Intelligence they defines it as the application of the technology which allows the employees in the company to be able to configure the computer software or perhaps a robot to capture and interpret the existing applications (Andrade, Pereira, Walter, Almeida, Loureiro, Compagna & Kyberd,   2014). This is for the processing a transaction, manipulating of the data as well as triggering of the responses and communication with the other digital system (Tirgul & Naik, 2014).   This definition of the robotics it highlights on three vital aspects; the initial is the software,   secondly, existing application the robotics software will   sit on top of the existing applications,   in order to connect the pieces of the puzzle that have been connected to the employees manually (Hagerty, 2015).   The last part is on the employees; the software will be programmed as well as be managed by the humans. A simple illustration of robotics in the organization is the automation of the low-level work in the recruitment process (Cox, 2017). The robotics could be effectively automate on the manual, repetitive process, which involves the high volume of the transactions as well as multiple tasks. Rather than the physical mechanical devices the robotic are the intelligent piece of the software, which has been implemented on top of the current information technology infrastructure, which could help in the elimination of the low level, work that are tedious (Brighton, 2015). The rise of the current robotic evolutions has been emerging as the product of three mutual re enforcing macro tends. This has been as a result of the technology underlying the robotics software, which have diversified over the years. The organization in the case study scenario is an Artificial Intelligence company, which is based in Brisbane. The organization over the years has had interest in the use of the robotics for the domestic use as well as in the other industries such as the mining, transport as well as manufacturing industries across Australia.   It has been using the robotic in small number in order to grow the sideline business (Cox, 2017).   The organization aims at being competitive over the other rivalry firms therefore they aim at diversifying the organization over the next five years. The company has been planning to expand on their operations within the Australian as well as the Asian region. When an organization leverage on the robotic technology as their key component for the expansion strategy it would likely be more competitive than the other organization. The research problem is find out the application of the robotic technology in order to consider it for the Artificial intelligence organization for their next five year strategy plan in order to diversify and become more competitive over the other rivalry organization. The company wants to expand on their operations within the Australian and to the Asian region (Hagerty, 2015). The problem the CEO is encountering she does not have wide range of the information on the issue of robotic technology. She is only aware of general positive and the negative aspects of using the robotics in the work and the home environments (Cox, 2017).   The research is important because it will provide recommendations to her on how to leverage the use of the robotic technology in order to improve on the business. The research study is aimed to find how to leverage the use of the robotic technology in order to improve on the business. further, it research will examine on the various types of robots, their advantages and negative aspects and provide a recommendations on the best ways to use in this small business so that they are able to diversify and venture the new markets . The objective of the study is to evaluate the robotic technology and its application in the current industry of the organization to improve the business. On this case study, it has been assumed that the competitor or the rivalry organization are not aware of the robotic technology and therefore Artificial Intelligence Company will have a competitive advantage over this aspect (Webber & Nilsson, 2014). The research has further assumed that organization under the research is a fictional company, which acts as a guide to help provide insight over the robotic technology. Robotic is the application of the technology, which allows the workers in a given company to be able to configure the computer software or perhaps a robot to capture as well as interpret the existing applications for the processing of the transaction (Ghahramani, 2015). Further, it has been regarded as the utilization of the innovation which enable the representative in the organization to be able to design their PC programming or the robot to catch as well as decipher the existing applications. This will help to prepare for the exchange, control as well as activation of the reactions along with speaking with some of the other advanced frameworks (Hagerty, 2015). The term robot has been highlights as the controller that could be reprogrammed in order to perform various functions. It could executes various functions such as the moving objects, device through using the numerous programmed movements. The robots have been used in many almost all the sectors in the industries. This is the reason, which has made the small Artificial intelligence organization to venture in the design of the robots in order to be used in the transport, the mining, domestic, and the manufacturing industries (Hagerty, 2015).   Some of the uses of the developed by the manufactures as follows: One of the use has been for the exploration. The robots have been designed in order to enter to the environment, which are dangerous to the human being. An example has been observed in the atmosphere within the volcano or perhaps investigating the marine life.   Secondly, it has been used by the military (Tirgul & Naik, 2014). The military have used robots such as the flying robots drones, which have been brought in the present time in the modern armed force. In the future, the robotic airplane as well as the automobiles could be utilized in order to transmit the petroleum. The robots have also been useful in agriculture in order to farm (Ghahramani, 2015). The harvesters in order to cut as well as collect the crops use the robot that have been programmed. In the car industry, there is the use of robotic arms in executing various tasks to manufacture the automobile as they are in the assembling procedure (Siciliano & Khatib, 2016). They usually perform jobs such as sorting, welding , lifting, painting as well as bending. The robots have also been useful in the hospitals there have been development of the robotic suit which are under construction, which would allow the nurses to be able to raise the patients without injuring their backbones.   The artificial intelligence company have invented, designed as well as developed on the robots, which would be useful in the field of transport, domestic, manufacturing as well as the mining industries (Ferber, 1999). Some of the types of the robots, which have been used in these sectors, are: According to Siciliano & Khatib (2016) highlighted that the global number of the domestic household robots would rise to thirty one million between 2016 to 2019. The sales of the robots for cleaning would likely increase to about thirteen billion dollars in this period (Hagerty, 2015).   . The robotics in the personals as well as domestic applications have experienced a great worldwide growth with much relative in the mass market products such as the floor cleaning robots, lawn mowers as well as the edutainment robots which have been dominating the market (Ghahramani, 2015). In the upcoming years, the vacuum as well as the floor cleaning robots would continue to make up the wider share of the units at the work when it comes to the households (Siciliano & Khatib, 2016). The sales volume would rise to more than three million units to approximate thirty million units within the forecasted period. The vacuum and the floor cleaning robots account to more than ninety-six percent of the d omestic robot sales.   The robotic mowers as well as the pool cleaning robots have been ranked the second and third respectively. There has also growth, which has been reported in the sale of the handicap assistive robots as well as for the elderly.   The sales figure stands at thirty seven thousand units at 2015 (Russell, Dewey & Tegmark, 2015). This value is expected to increase with the mirror in this development over the forecasted period. Some of the mining robots are the abandoned mine robot: this kind of the robot are built for the mining organization in order to be driven to the abandoned mineshaft to search for the potash leftover from the many years ago. The tethered fibre optic robot: This robot was built in order to be sent to hundreds of feet down the mineshaft. It has the capability to travel a long distance. The robots are used in the various manufacturing environment. They usually are made of articulated arms, which are used in the applications such as in the painting, and welding.   These robots are automatically controlled, and they are multipurpose manipulator, which are in three or more taxes in order to perform the duties assigned to them (Siciliano & Khatib, (2016). The robot, which is used in the welding, is regarded as the arc robot and the ones used for the painting are designed in order to perform the tasks of painting. These robots are able to undertake the task faster as well as in uniform and accuracy as comparison to individuals. Today there are various types of robot, which have been developed for the transportation industry. Some of this are travel mate robots.   These robots have been created an autonomous robot suitcase that has the capability of moving both vertically as well as horizontally positions. Another type is the SMP robots. This company have created unmanned robot, which have various applications such as the security as well as surveillance. These robot they have the ability to avoid the obstacles are they are able to work under the conditions that is difficult such as low temperatures of less than twenty degrees. The use of robots currently being used by some of the organization and Artificial Intelligence Company is part of these groups. The company has been some robotic technology in small number on their sideline business but they want to fully venture in to it in order to expand their business in Australia and the other region in Asia (Frankish & Ramsey, 2014).   The company is focused in the design of the robot, which would be used for the domestic use, mining, manufacturing as well transport industry. The company is small but they want this to be their expansion strategy. In order to be able to incorporate this technology to the company they are aiming at hiring designers in the field of robotic to help the company to be able to position itself in Australia as well as venture to the other regions (Suri, Dearani, Mihaljevic, Chitwood Jr, Murphy, Trento & Gillinov, 2016). The company has been using the robotics in their sideline business therefore with this experience and additional kno wledge they would be able to implement this strategy and begin the production process. Some of the areas they would use the robots is when it comes to security where they would replace the security personnel and adopt the SMP robotics for the surveillance and security. The robots would also be incorporated in undertaking the task therefore; there would be increase in the production. The short term option which the Artificial Intelligence Company could implement the robotic technology will be based on the making their invention to for the commercial purpose and the short be in a position of manufacture the robots, which are upgraded as comparison to their rivals. This will enable the company to establish itself in the market of Australia since they are capable of performing their duties much efficiently. Consequently, the capital gains from the project would enable the company to expand in the Australia region (Frankish & Ramsey, 2014). When it comes to the long terms options for the company, it will aim at utilizing the robots in their operations. When the company has gained enough ground in the Australian market as one of the major manufactures (Patel, Mullins, Pierorazio, Jayram, Cohen, Matlaga & Allaf, 2013). The company will need to incorporate the robots for increase of the production in order to meet the demand of the products produced since it would be th e major player in the market due to gain in the competitive advantage they would have. These challenges would pose a great challenge to the Artificial Intelligence company but they could be mitigated through the following: one way is the manufacture of the robot, which are much less expensive, thus it would enable the company reduce on the cost of manufacturing (Ingrand & Ghallab, 2014). On the issues of taking the jobs of individuals, they could be taken to training in order to learn about the programming as well as design thus they will be able to retain their jobs. Some of the consideration on these is the issue of unemployment. The company need to know that the robots will displace the job of many employees. Many individuals will lose job because a single robot can perform tasks of more than five people (Cohen & Feigenbaum, 2014). To address on the issue the company could encourage people to venture on other jobs or even self-employ themselves (Cohen & Feigenbaum, 2014). Another consideration would be on the security. An individual may hack the robot and take control of the robot to commit crimes. This could be addressed through designing of the robots that have encryption for the password to operate. This report was aimed to research on the robotic technology and its application in order for the Artificial Intelligence Company to consider in their strategic plan and be able to improve the business. There is many modifications, which could be made to the current robots to make them become more reliable as well as productive. From the findings, it has been found that the robot would provide a competitive edge against the competitor and they will offer productivity to enable the company venture in the Australia as well as Asia market.   The report would provide an insight to help the company to undergo changes to enable it operate the robots in all their operations. I would recommend the company to start in the design of the robot especially those that are used in the domestic uses since they are not complex to manufacture. Further, the organization should provide invest in the research in this field in order to be able to the company achieve diversity effectively and implement on the expansion strategy plan appropria Andrade, A. O., Pereira, A. A., Walter, S., Almeida, R., Loureiro, R., Compagna, D., & Kyberd,P. J. (2014). Bridging the gap between robotic technology and health care . Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 10, 65-78. Brighton, H. (2015). Introducing Artificial Intelligence: A Graphic Guide. Icon Books Ltd. Cohen, P. R., & Feigenbaum, E. A. (Eds.). (2014). The handbook of artificial intelligence (Vol.3). Butterworth-Heinemann. Cox, B. (2017). Artificial Intelligence Military Robots. Frankish, K., & Ramsey, W. M. (Eds.). (2014). The Cambridge handbook of artificia intelligence. Cambridge University Press. Ferber, J. (1999). Multi-agent systems: an introduction to distributed artificial intelligence (Vol.   1). Reading: Addison-Wesley. Ghahramani, Z. (2015). Probabilistic machine learning and artificial intelligence. Nature,    521(7553), 452-459. Hagerty, J. (2015). Meet the New Generation of Robots for Manufacturing. Wall Street Journal, 2. Ingrand, F., & Ghallab, M. (2014). Robotics and artificial intelligence: A perspective on   Ã‚   deliberation functions. AI Communications, 27(1), 63-80. Jones, M. T. (2015). Artificial Intelligence: A Systems Approach: A Systems Approach. Jones &   Ã‚  Ã‚   Bartlett Learning. Patel, H. D., Mullins, J. K., Pierorazio, P. M., Jayram, G., Cohen, J. E., Matlaga, B. R., & Allaf,    M. E. (2013). Trends in renal surgery: robotic technology is associated with increased use   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of partial nephrectomy. The Journal of urology, 189(4), 1229-1235. Russell, S., Dewey, D., & Tegmark, M. (2015). Research priorities for robust and beneficial   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   artificial intelligence. AI Magazine, 36(4), 105-114. Shneier, M., & Bostelman, R. (2015). Literature Review of Mobile Robots for Manufacturing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   National Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of Commerce. Siciliano, B., & Khatib, O. (Eds.). (2016). Springer handbook of robotics. Springer. Suri, R. M., Dearani, J. A., Mihaljevic, T., Chitwood Jr, W. R., Murphy, D. A., Trento, A., ... &   Ã‚   Gillinov, A. M. (2016). Mitral valve repair using robotic technology: Safe, effective, and   Ã‚   durable. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 151(6), 1450. Tirgul, C. S., & Naik, M. R. (2014). Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. Webber, B. L., & Nilsson, N. J. (Eds.). (2014). Readings in artificial intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann.

Company Wellness Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Company Wellness Plan - Essay Example This can conclude with sad results to both the company and the employee. Firstly, the employee’s health is affected and may be worsened slowly, a situation that may lead to him/her fail to perform well. Thus, in this situation it means that he would loose his job, that becomes to have less income and which leads high rate of poverty. On the other hand, the company may loose a qualified and profitable employee that could help the company move forward. Therefore, it is the fact that, effective wellness program creates a strong return on investment (IRO) in the short-term as well as long-term (Rosen, 2004). For example, in the short-term, (6-18 months), it can affect workplaces absence. In the long-term, it can affect an average of $3 for every $1 spent (The Healthcare Intelligence Network, 2006). Beneficial managers choose wellness programs based on what the workers need. It’s obvious that employees will benefit from such services; on the other hand, the earliest advantag e of managers of arranging to meet employee health needs is if workers could be screened or treated quickly, they could be more productive on their job. Furthermore, it is obvious that preventive measures which are offered by wellness programs might lower healthcare cost even keeping employees at work (The Healthcare Intelligence Network, 2006). However, managing healthcare costs requires a risk management strategy. The goal of wellness programs then is not only to make workers feel good, but also to move participating employees from high risk category of contracting diseases into lower risk categories (The Healthcare Intelligence Network, 2006). Nevertheless, as in the case of Fresno, disability incidence for example has increased from 10/1,000 employees to12/1,000 even with availability of wellness programs. Probably, this is because some employees resist changing even in the face of such wellness programs. On the other hand, there are also workers, who are health conscious, and t hey don’t want to participate in the incentives. In the case of the benefit manager in the Fresno Company, it is also very important to incorporate the senior management in the process of emphasizing on the wellness programs in the company. Getting senior management on board doesn’t mean getting approval to try some wellness programs. It means getting management fully behind a workplace wellness program that becomes part of workplace culture (The Healthcare Intelligence Network, 2006). The more the management promotes and participates in workplace, the more successful the program will be. Therefore, the first and most important thing is to create awareness campaign among senior management and ensure continued commitment and support and visibility of the wellness initiatives. In fact most work place wellness programs do not result in a positive ROI without support from the senior management (Rosen, 2004). This is true for any work place that aims to change employee beha vior which should be the basic goal of every wellness program. The other important issue to a new appointed benefit manager should be evaluation of the existing wellness programs in the company. This involves overview of operation style and their effectiveness and deficiencies associated with them. For example,

Assumptions on the Migrants Homesickness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Assumptions on the Migrants Homesickness - Essay Example The essay "Assumptions on the Migrant’s Homesickness" discusses the migrant’s homesickness since the migrants are largely assumed to be "oriented towards their original community" and they remain faithful to their own motherland, even when the drawing economic benefits from their host community.Denied to harbor any patriotic rights, they are seldom seen as settlers or first-class citizens. The limitation of such essentialist view is that it seeks to reduce the plural nature of the migrant’s community and flatten out the heterogeneity into a single horizontal gaze. This assumption does not consider the alienation felt by the migrants with respect to their original homelands since the sheer change in experience has unalterably changed them and located them in nowhere in particular. The migrants have a more complex response to their new homelands. Migration largely takes place within the labor class in search of a better cultural, economic and political condition. T he host is hence unable to imagine the migrant as a part of the community and is threatened by their cultural differences. The migrants are generalized as a collective anonymous cultural force who are â€Å"rootless, unattached, and temporary residents†. This view over-simplifies the homeless condition of the migrant communities and their homesickness for their original homeland. The â€Å"imagined† rights of the migrants are left unattended. They stick to their own cultural boundaries to erase the mental agony of the diaspora.

Human variation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human variation - Assignment Example e same note, natural selection entails the survival of the best species in terms of survival techniques since nature poses a wide range of challenges in a bid to survive. In addition to that, genetic shift entails the acquiring of survival traits and consequently the passing on the traits to the generations to come. Evidently, this is aimed at enabling the organisms, in other words, humans to survive and reproduce effectively in nature. Finally, there is the issue of chance inheritance which entails the selection of the most suitable survival trait in a bid to pass it on to the next generation. With the shifting and movement of people over the world, it has promoted the spread of traits. Evidently, for instance traits like the ABO are perceived to have originated from one region. However, with the movement of people with the aim of seeking the most appropriate place to settle the trait has been passed all over the world. It is worth noting that approximately everywhere in the world there exist the ABO trait in individuals. Notably, the passing on of this traits from generation to generation is aimed at enabling the future generation to adapt more to the environment they are exposed to. Adaptive traits are developed in a bid to adapt to the environment. Consequently, different environment suggest different traits thus can’t be used for classification purposes. On the same note, it is argued that this traits are liable to extinction once the particular adaptive environment is changed or does not exist anymore. Moreover, since the environmental factors change with time, new traits are likely to emerge in a bid to fit in to the changing environment. Consequently, since the emergence of traits is dependent on the specific condition that exists for instance environmental condition, numerous adaptive traits are expected thus the concept of adaptive traits cannot be used to classify humans since you may require an infinitely large number of subgroups. It is evident

Building construction and it's effect on the Fire Service Essay

Building construction and it's effect on the Fire Service - Essay Example Type II is Noncombustible, this type represents those building having steel beams and girders, they are susceptible to steel deformation and resulting collapse with less or no warning. Type III is the ordinary construction which consists of a mix of materials, including steel, wood and concrete, the older this type of building gets the more it is prone to fire. Type IV is the Heavy Timber almost all types of members and load bearing structures are made of wood and as a result the burn time of these structures are normally very long before the structure fails or collapse completely. The connections, usually of steel, are the weak points in this type of construction. Type V is Wood Frames, they normally consist of common houses and other small structures made of wooden frames. The appendix 1 contains a extract of the NFPA 220: Standard on Types of Building Construction, Edition which gives the fire resistive rating of each type of building construction given. There are many aspects of the building that are to be considered for fire protection and safety. The issue is that what these steps and aspects should be gauged and standardized too, for this there are several standardization bodies, research organizations and codes working significant among which are National Fire Protection Association, International Building Codes (IBC), International Fire codes, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and ASTM. Where as the codes that dictates the fire services and building construction at the same time are NFPA 1: Uniform Fire Code, NFPA 101: Life Safety Code, NFPA 241: Standard for Safeguarding Construction, Alteration, and Demolition Operations, NFPA 1141: Standard for Fire Protection in Planned Building Groups, NFPA 5000: Building Construction and Safety Code. (Occupational Safety and Health Administration). The fire services and its specifications are designed on many considerations of the buildings construction, the first consideration would be the typ e of construction as mentioned before, second major consideration is the height, no of floors and working space of the building, thirdly are the structural systems and their connections, failures points and fourthly the material of construction also known as the fuel for the fire and lastly the occupancy of the facility. Firstly it is the type of construction that governs the fire services, the resistance of the construction directly affects the fire protection system and the no of hours the building can sustain fire. The method of calculation is given below and it corresponds to those written in the appendix 1. Type II (000), it requires sprinklers and If it is a Type II (222), sprinklers are not required. So the type of construction dictates the type of fire fighting. Now as we know the fire resistance of the building, the major building codes dictates all the fire services accordingly, the most widely used and implemented building construction code is International Building Code IBC 2006 and International Fire Code. Now I would like to highlight the main components of fire services which are affected my the fire resistance capabilities of the structure. According to IBC the first consideration is fire walls that need to be build and which is summarized in the table below. The section 715 of the IBC 2006 has a detailed standards on

Discuss what funerary art and architecture reveal about Roman social Research Paper

Discuss what funerary art and architecture reveal about Roman social issues - Research Paper Example Other pieces include symbols of a particular god or goddess who may have been something like patron saints for Romans who were poly-deists. Just like funerals nowadays have evolved to include slide shows of the deceased’s life and symbols of his/her accomplishments, Roman funerary art served to honor the person who had passed from one life to the next, but it also represents what the Romans valued: wealth, status, family, and the favor of the gods. Some of the most historically revealing funerary pieces represent the wealthy Romans, who had paintings, busts and statues of themselves and their families made in their likenesses. Some were placed at their tombs. Others were kept in the doma, the home, in a special place devoted just for the worship of deities and the commemoration of those who had passed. These paintings and sculptures looked amazingly like the person. At least they are less idealized than the commemorative pieces done for the lower ranked Romans. Often the pieces done for the wealthier Romans were commissioned at or near the time of death, or so it is presumed, because modern day methods of determining this say that the statues and busts resemble the person at the time of death more than in life. Consider the funerary portraiture from Roman Egypt. â€Å"Apparently these portraits were not made for display during the sitter’s life; comparison of the images with CAT scans of the remains inside these mummie s makes it clear that the portraits represent the deceased at the age of death† (Daily Life in Ancient Rome p. 145). To get a lifelike replica, or something close to it, of a loved one just before that loved one passed away, cost a lot of money. So, if Romans had enough money and status, they could commission an artist to render that image which they could use to not only honor the loved one but also to remember what that person looked like much like how a photograph is used today. Even Romans with less wealth and

Law of Attraction Fact or Folly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law of Attraction Fact or Folly - Essay Example The followers of concepts like law of attraction often find some of their wishes coming true immediately and the other few eluding them for their life. For example, they might get an intuition that some of their closed kith or kin might get caught in an accident which might eventually come true. But, they will be unable to predict sudden unemployment in their own life. Law of attraction is an art or a talent which can be perfected by constant practice to generate abundant prosperity. It can be made to work flawlessly, every time a person visualizes something provided they have the potential to garner such mighty energy. Law of Attraction – A Folly If thoughts become realities, why do people suffer? It is only logical that no person ever wants to suffer from a disease or be poor. Everybody shares the big American dream. Every person from a toddler to a hundred year old man wants to live life to the fullest. But, what makes them suffer from dreadful diseases like cancer causes unaccepted accidents and keep certain people revolving in poverty forever? Certainly, no person visualizes suffering. If law of attraction is true, why doesn’t a person eradicate all the evils from the world like war and disease just by thinking? Books like "The Secret" reinforces what we psychologists call 'argument from authority'. They quote several verses from great minds like Thoreau to Jesus and link them in favour of the law of attraction. The reader is given a message that both St. Augustine and Oprah Winfrey attained great success only through the law of attraction (Chabris & Simons, 2010).... Law of Attraction – The Fact Law of attraction mentioned in the movie secret is one of the most misunderstood ancient concepts interpreted in a factually distorting way by the modern gurus. The book and the movie packaged the concept very commercially that any person watching them will actually feel there is nothing one has to do except to visualize to reach great heights in the world (Kumar, 2009). Law of attraction is a sort of action inducer which will guide the person in the right path if they are able to visualize their destination very clearly. Our mind is like a computer. It gives us back what we think. The concept of garbage in – garbage out fits perfectly to our subconscious mind. Visualizing diseases and poverty – No person can consciously visualize disaster or disease. But, thousands of people have a hidden fear about the same. A patient who thinks about diseases often and hates everything related to hospital will eventually end up there for a long per iod. He will lead a healthy life if he focuses on thinking about leading a healthy life and visualizes indulging in lots of sports related activities. A prospective bride can either think he will never marry a lawyer and end up marrying one or alter her thoughts to think she is marrying a pilot and end up doing the same. The law of attraction helps us reinforce our thoughts in a positive way and make it come true eventually. Let us consider a middle aged lady with breast cancer. She will be terrified of what might follow and be scared day and night thinking about the pain and the financial crisis. Her mind will grant her everything she fears of. On the other hand, law of attraction urges her to replace these negative thoughts with

A Report on the High Cost of College Education in America Essay

A Report on the High Cost of College Education in America - Essay Example 9 October, 10, 2011. Dr. Morgan Bill Joint University students’ union Washington, CO 456007 Dear Mr. Houston: The union is submitting this report, due October, 10, 2011, that was requested by the education ministry. The report is entitled the High cost of College Education in America. The purpose of the report is to inform the stake holders in the education sector on the high cost of college tuition in America which has become a source of discouragement for students who would like to have a high level of Education. It further emphasizes on the need work on the lowering of the cost of college tuition. The content of this report centers on the price of college education which is not equivalent to future salaries and is not worth all loans and credits acquired to fund education. Any questions concerning this report can be sought by contacting Mr. Morgan Bill, the union secretary, at 453-6897. Very truly yours, Morgan Bill, Secretary General. Executive summary The cost of college education in America has over years increasingly gone too high. High tuition fee charges in colleges is now proving to be the biggest problem facing college students, parents and sponsors. In this hard economic time, students and parents are now struggling a lot sourcing for funds to meet this high cost of tuition fee. This has ranged from sourcing school loans from banks and including selling of property assets to fund education. This trend has negatively impacted on the concerned parties to an extent where students have almost lost hope for a better future. One very strong negative impact that has so far been noticed is the discouragement it has had on the students undertaking various courses in various universities. It is quite clear from studies conducted by this team that on completion of college education individuals who graduate hardly get well-paying jobs that match the cost incurred while in college. Moreover, a greater percentage of the little money earned from these jobs end up being used to repay the loans that were borrowed during school days leaving a minimal percentage for investment. This therefore renders a larger population of the newly employed and young hustling for their entire life. From these insights it is therefore paramount to consider the cry of the large young population and consider a thorough review of the entire fee payment systems in colleges with intent of lowering its cost for the benefit of the future generation. Methodology A sampled group of about 40 students from sampled universities and colleges in the United States of America were interviewed with a view of getting background information from the affected groups. Similarly, various employees who had just completed training was sampled and interviewed. The method selected aimed at collecting data that will enable the researchers identify the problem and propose potential solutions. Findings The cost of college tuition for many colleges has over time become so expensive. T he price for college studies has neither equated the future salary of those taking the courses nor has it equal the loans and many credits being spent on tuition fees. It is therefore imperative to present this report as a means of passing a message of discontent and outcry facing parents and students who pay dearly to get valuable education (Heller, 2001). The biggest problem for millions of people living in America while joining a college or university is

Managing a police service Area Essay Example for Free

Managing a police service Area Essay Commanders managing a police service area faced with a number of challenges. Some of these include corruption, racial profiling, and poor cooperation and relationship between the police force and the local community. All this problems have been attributed among other reasons to insufficient training of law enforcement, discriminative administration, and lack of employee engagement. Therefore, managing a police service area challenges can be mitigated by ensuring a highly motivated and trained police force as well as engaging the community to enhance their appreciation of the police. Corruption has been cited as a major problem compromising the effectiveness of the police force. According to available statistical evidence, the problem of drug dealings is increasing becoming an issue of national concern in the American nation. This is despite the fact that the law enforcement has the potential to identify, mitigate or prosecute the offenders. However, the problem of corruption has been closely attributed to poor motivation to police officers as well as lack of an effective channel for getting public feedback on the conduct of police officers. Another problem facing commanders managing a police service area is poor communication and cooperation of police officers and the community. The community is evidently identified as a crucial tool for aiding in the identification and mitigation in the community. Therefore, poor relationships between local law enforcement and the community serve only to escalate crime in the community, a negation to the sole duty of the police service area commander. Indeed, such poor relationships are a major threaten to the life of officers as they are perceived by the community as enemies rather than just and fair law enforcer. The third challenge affecting commanders managing a police service area is racial profiling. Racial discrimination in the law enforcement agencies has been a major critic from the general public. The sole duty of all police officers is to ensure sustainable peace and security in the community. This means that police officers should function to investigate on suspected crime offenders based on substantial evidence rather than based on their race, nationality, and ethnicity. It is this practices which remains a major challenge for commanders to oversee the fair and just enforcement of the rule of the law. As a police manager, there are a number of actions I would take to mitigate these problems. First, I would ensure implementation policies as a way of mitigating the problem of police corruption. Such practices would include increment of payment and service allowances for the police. Other could be engaging officers in retirement benefit schemes as well as providing job security. This is because I believe that most officers engage in corruption as a way of accumulating extra earnings for their present and future needs. On the problem of poor relationship between police and community as well as racial profiling, I would ensure the introduction of a comprehensive police training scheme. Skilled and reliable police officers should high sufficient skills on public relations. Such training will also equip the officers with the necessary skills of dealing with a diverse population, a factor that could compromise racial profiling. The biggest problem causing poor relationship between the police and the community is poor communication. To eliminate this problem, I would encourage interactive sections between the police and the community members as a way of breaking the current relational gap.

Agoraphobia Essay Example for Free

Agoraphobia Essay Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by anxiety in situations where the sufferer perceives certain environments as dangerous or uncomfortable, often due to the environments vast openness or crowdedness. These situations include, but are not limited to, wide-open spaces, as well as uncontrollable social situations such as the possibility of being met in shopping malls, airports, and on bridges. Agoraphobia is defined within the DSM-IV TR as a subset of panic disorder, involving the fear of incurring a panic attack in those environments. In the DSM-5, however, Agoraphobia s classified as being separate to panic disorder. The sufferer may go to great lengths to avoid those situations, in severe cases becoming unable to leave their home or safe haven. Although mostly thought to be a fear of public places, it is now believed that agoraphobia develops as a complication of panic attacks. However, there is evidence that the implied one-way causal relationship between spontaneous panic attacks and agoraphobia in DSM-IV may be incorrect. Onset is usually between ages 20 and 40 years and more common in women. Approximately 3. 2 million, or about 2. %, of adults in the US between the ages of 18 and 54, suffer from agoraphobia. Agoraphobia can account for approximately 60% of phobias. Studies have shown two different age groups at first onset: early to mid twenties, and early thirties. In response to a traumatic event, anxiety may interrupt the formation of memories and disrupt the learning processes, resulting in dissociation. Depersonalization and derealisation are other dissociative methods of withdrawing from anxiety. Standardized tools such as Panic and Agoraphobia Scale can be used to measure agoraphobia and panic attacks severity and monitor reatment. Agoraphobia is a condition where the sufferer becomes anxious in environments that are unfamiliar or where he or she perceives that they have little control. Triggers for this anxiety may include wide open spaces, crowds, or traveling . Agoraphobia is often, but not always, compounded by a fear of social embarrassment, as the agoraphobic fears the onset of a panic attack and appearing distraught in public. This is also sometimes called social agoraphobia which may be a type of social anxiety disorder also sometimes called social phobia. Not all agoraphobia is social n nature, however. Some agoraphobics have a fear of open spaces. Agoraphobia is also defined as a fear, sometimes terrifying, by those who have experienced one or more panic attacks. In these cases, the sufferer is fearful of a particular place because they have experienced a panic attack at the same location in a previous time. Fearing the onset of another panic attack, the sufferer is fearful or even avoids the location. Some refuse to leave their home even in medical emergencies because the fear of being outside of their comfort area is too great. The sufferer can ometimes go to great lengths to avoid the locations where they have experienced the onset of a panic attack. Agoraphobia, as described in this manner, is actually a symptom professionals check for when making a diagnosis of panic disorder. Other syndromes like obsessive compulsive disorder or post traumatic stress disorder can outside can cause the syndrome. [12] It is not uncommon for agoraphobics to also suffer from temporary separation anxiety disorder when certain other individuals of the household depart from the residence temporarily, such as a parent or spouse, or when the agoraphobic is left home alone. Such temporary conditions can result in an increase in anxiety or a panic attack or feel the need to separate themselves from family or maybe friends. Another common associative disorder of agoraphobia is necrophobia, the fear of death. The anxiety level of agoraphobics often increases when dwelling upon the idea of eventually dying, which they may consciously or unconsciously associate with being the ultimate separation from their mortal emotional comfort and safety zones and loved ones, even for those who may otherwise spiritually believe in some form of divine afterlife existence. Agoraphobia occurs about twice as commonly among women as it does in men. The gender difference may be attributable to several factors: social-cultural traditions that encourage, or permit, the greater expression of avoidant coping strategies by women, women perhaps being more likely to seek help and therefore be diagnosed; men being more likely to abuse alcohol in reaction to anxiety and be diagnosed as an alcoholic. Research has not yet produced a single clear explanation for the gender difference in agoraphobia. Although the exact causes of agoraphobia are currently unknown, some clinicians ho have treated or attempted to treat agoraphobia offer plausible hypotheses. The condition has been linked to the presence of other anxiety disorders, a stressful environment or substance abuse. Research has uncovered a linkage between agoraphobia and difficulties with spatial orientation. Individuals without agoraphobia are able to maintain balance by combining information from their vestibular system, their visual system and their proprioceptive sense. A disproportionate number of agoraphobics have weak vestibular function and consequently rely more on visual or actile signals. They may become disoriented when visual cues are sparse (as in wide open spaces) or overwhelming. Likewise, they may be confused by sloping or irregular surfaces. In a virtual reality study, agoraphobics showed impaired processing of changing audiovisual data in comparison with non-suffering subjects. Exposure treatment can provide lasting relief to the majority of patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia. Disappearance of residual and subclinical agoraphobic avoidance, and not simply of panic attacks, should be the aim of exposure therapy. Similarly, Systematic desensitizationmay also be used. Many patients can deal with exposure easier if they are in the company of a friend they can rely on. t is vital that patients remain in the situation until anxiety has abated because if they leave the situation the phobic response will not decrease and it may even rise. Cognitive restructuring has also proved useful in treating agoraphobia. This treatment involves coaching a participant through a dianoetic discussion, with the intent of replacing irrational, counterproductive beliefs w ith more factual and beneficial ones. Relaxation techniques are often useful skills for the agoraphobic to develop, as they can be used to stop or prevent symptoms of anxiety and panic. Anti-depressant medications most commonly used to treat anxiety disorders are mainly in the SSRI class and inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants are also commonly prescribed for treatment of agoraphobia. Antidepressants are important because some have antipanic effects. Antidepressants should be used in conjunction with exposure as a form of self-help or with cognitive behaviour therapy. Some evidence shows that a ombination of medication and cognitive behaviour therapy is the most effective treatment for agoraphobia.

Driving Forces Of Change In Textile Industries Commerce Essay

Driving Forces Of Change In Textile Industries Commerce Essay This project is given us as final assignment in strategic management class the topic is The driving forces those forcing to change the textile industry of Pakistan the Pakistan is agriculture base country and the textile is the back bone of Pakistan economy. The purpose of doing such types of assignment is to getting the practical exposure of industries the implantation of knowledge and also familiar with the challenges and issues which currently the industries is facing. Driving forces play an importance role for the development of economy and for the growth of industries.Through this project assignment we are all familiar with the industries knowledge and experiences and get the depth knowledge of industries and the issues,challenges, problem, norms and value of the industry.During our project we also found that Textile industry of Pakistan is facing several problems due to political and economic environment. Currently interest rate of country is very high which has increased cost of production and makes it difficult for the industry to become cost competitive in the global market. A part interest rate problem, Production of the industry is very disturbed due to power shortage and law and order situation of the country. This assignment is providing the knowledge of industry and how to solve such issues challenges and problem and how to get the competitive advantage and how to compete rivalryand how to cope up with these changes and how to develop the directions of industries in particular situations and how sustainable in these changes which is due to the driving forces of industries. Chapter 02: Literature Review: Background: Research Statement: The driving forces those are forcing to change the textile industry in Pakistan Research Objective: Our research objective is following To identify the link between the driving forces and textile industries To explore the impact of driving forces on textile industries To identify the different driving forces prevailing in the Pakistan economy To find out the solutions for driving forces To find out the reason of driving forces Limitation of Research: Our research is limited in Pakistan country only and in the textile industry and the driving force whose impact on textile the research is conducted through the data analyzing. Scope of Research: The research is conduct only in Pakistan and the research cover the driving forces which is prevailing in Pakistan economy and those who impact the textile industry only. Methods of Research: The method for the research we use the data which is taken from different source and then we analyze the data through the study and through the statically tools research method is most depend upon the data that we gather from different sources and though the online collection of data and implementation. Data Gathering: The data for this topic is gathering from employee who is currently working in textile industry and from the Pakistan textile journals, different authors articles, textile mills websites, government official ministry of textile website, all Pakistan association of textile mills, Google documents, researches etc. Variables: Variable for this research is below Textile industries of Pakistan Driving forces in Pakistan Hypothesis: If driving forces is their will it impact the textile industries. If driving forces vanished what will effect on textile industries. If driving forces aretheir will effect and how much it effect the industry. Driving Forces: The driving forces are the key internal forces micro environment (such as knowledge competences workforce of management and macroenvironment as well (such as economy competition technology) that shape the future of the organization Change in industries is due to the driving forces is participants and driving forces is major cause to bring change in industries competitive condition driving forces are emerge from internal and external environment. Driving forces can include changes in social, technological, environmental, economic andpolitical factors, for example: Demographic factors (population increase, in/out migration, changing age/genderstructure, etc). Laws and regulations (affecting land ownership, labour relations, environmental protection measures, etc). Policies (subsidies, price controls or guarantees, import/export controls, quotasand tariffs, exchange rates, etc). Markets and competition (size of or access to, local, national and internationalmarkets; growing competitiveness of producers in other regions, countries etc). Technology (availability of new genotypes, machinery, etc). Institutions (new actors, influences, social organization). Information (availability, communications technology). Non-agricultural employment opportunities (processing, manufacturing, business,services, migration/ remittances, etc.) Natural resources (characteristics of watershed, water availability, groundwaterlevels, land degradation, etc). Driving Forces Analysis: Driving force can be analyzed in two steps Identify relevant driving force Assessing the impact they will have Types of Driving Forces: Some of the common driving forces of industries. Increasing globalization of industry Changes in cost and efficiency Shifting from standardized to differentiated products (or vice versa) Regulatory influences government policy changes Changing societal concerns, attitudes, lifestyles Changes in degree of uncertainty risk Changes in long-term industry growth rate Changes in who buys the product how they use it Product innovation Technological change/process innovation Marketing innovation Entry or exit of major firms Diffusion of technical knowledge Driving forces In Textile industries of Pakistan: Pakistans textile industry faces several factors, both internal and external, that affect its competitive edge in global trade. An increase in production costs because of the heavy cost of credit finance Government levies and taxation have weighed heavily on the industry, Domestic cotton has not met qualitative needs of the growing spinning and textile sectors. Pakistans downstream users have also impacted the market, Government-backed supportive policies and heavy subsidies of our regional rivals like China, Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. External trade and tariff barriers, such as high import duties by the U.S. and anti-dumping duties by European Union. Pakistans loss of preferential access under the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) in the E.U. Other Driving forces in textile industry: Pakistani Mills Look For the Competitive Edge RGST to affect value-added textile sector Zero rated status for all exports to be maintained Government restores zero-rating for textiles Textile Policy 2009-14 Analysis Finance Bill to Burden Industry Further Increasing Cost of Production Electricity Crisis Tight Monetary Policy Removal of subsidy on Textile sector United States EU cuts imports of textile from Pakistan Raw material Prices Effect of Inflation Pakistani Mills Look For the Competitive Edge: Pakistans cotton and textile industries have adapted to changes in the global cotton trading environment during recent years by investing more than U.S. $6 billion in production and technology upgrades. Because of that, Pakistans domestic consumption has surpassed production by about  3 million bales. But even with increasing consumption, Pakistans textile industry faces several factors, both internal and external, that affect its competitive edge in global trade. Many mills have incurred losses during the last two years. Those mills which could not adopt the necessary changes in the new business environment because of their financial restraints and heavy liabilities have experienced the greatest losses. To make their projects viable and to minimize losses, mills are generally curtailing their production by going into fine count yarns or closing parts of their units. Current Forecast: Pakistan emerged as a major player in world cotton trade after a phenomenal increase in its spinning capacity in the last few years. Traditionally, most of the mills in Pakistan still prefer to use Pakistani cotton due to its known spinning characteristics and easy availability for making medium-count yarns. But many mills have now developed permanent plans and blends based on imported cotton to bridge the shortfall in the local cotton supply.Recently, some mills have bought about 15,000-20,000 tons of Brazilian 2008 crop on call basis for shipment in 2008, and several other mills are inquiring to buy Brazilian cotton on the same basis. Some Brazilian businesses have reported as far as 2009. Some of the mills use this mode of buying to secure their short position in Pakistani cotton. If domestic price goes up, they opt to take shipment, and if prices come down to their desired level, they mange to get their import contracts settled with the shipper with mutual consent.According to pr ivate estimates, about 2.5 million bales of different growths have been booked in 2006/07 through the end of April. By February 2007, about 1,900,521 bales (170 kgs each) had reached the country. Pakistan may need to buy another 300,000-400,000 bales, which they may cover mostly from U.S., Brazil, West Africa and Uzbekistan. Pakistans Supply And Demand 05/06 06/07 07/08 (E) Beginning Stock 4.45 3.50 3.00 Production 12.40 12.40 14.20 Imports 2.05 2.85 2.20 Total Supply 18.90 18.75 19.40 Consumption 15.00 15.50 16.00 Exports 0.40 0.25 0.40 Ending Stock 3.50 3.00 3.00 Total Distribution 18.90 18.75 19.40 (all figures in million bales of 170 kg. each) Cotton vision 2015 Under cotton vision 2015, the government plans to bring more area under cotton cultivation particularly in Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. According to the plan, the government wanted to increase cotton production by 20 million bales through potential areas of Balochistan and KP. Having considered various options for production enhancement, it was realized that the production level of 20 million bales could be achieved by 2015 with a modest increase in sowing areas in potential cotton growing areas of Balochistan and NWFP coupled with an average of 5% growth in per hectare yield. The sources said that cotton alone contributes nearly 65 percent of the foreign exchange earnings of Pakistan. To bring more area under cultivation and ensure food security, the government plans to purchase 100 bulldozers for land development work in Balochistan with financial assistance of Italian government. The bulldozers procured will be deployed for development of 78 thousand hectares of land (70 pe rcent new and 30 percent existing) throughout the life of the bulldozers. The bulldozers would be given to the farmers at the rate of Rs 550 per hour against operational cost of Rs 3994.60 per hour involving 86 percent subsidy. (February 16, 2011) RGST to affect value-added textile sector RGST bill was most complicated than on-going GST and urged the government not to impose RGST that was going to push the export-oriented and labor intensive Textile Value Added Textile Sector to the wall. He said that the textiles exporters had strong exceptions to the government for continuously ignoring the reservations of the exporters regarding the imposition of the RGST and Zero Rate facility would not be withdrawn. But it is fact the Govt. had not yet cleared the outstanding refund claims of billions of rupees so far. He mentioned that the government was also holding up millions of exporters money under export rebate which was at present around 1%. Now it seems impossible in the present state of functioning that FBR could smoothly release 15% of GST refunds. To meet this shortfall in working capital, textile exporter/entrepreneur would resort to bank for financing its export for which mark-up rate itself is on a parallel rise. Thus Textile Value Added Textile Sector would be lead to an ultimate collapse, which facing shortage and day-by-day growing bills of Gas, Electricity and basic raw material. RGST may lead textile industry to bankruptcy He said textile industry was consuming 15 percent (600mmcfd) of total load of 4000mmcfd but the shortage is already being shifted on the industry which is unfair. According to him, textile industry has already lost $1.5 billion exports last year as a sizeable capacity remained idle on account of non-availability of gas. This loss is likely to touch $3 billion this year due to increase in value of commodities, if the gas supply to the industry is discriminatory suspended. He feared industry production loss to the extent of 30 percent ahead in case textile industry is denied gas during peak load period starting from November till February. Textile industry has already suffered from 44 days unprecedented gas load shedding during summer. The industry worries are piling up fast with regard to the next 12 months load management policy. Government restores zero-rating for textiles The government has restored the zero-rating for textile exporters and lowered the rate of general sales tax (GST) to four to six percent on sales of textile goods in local markets from the earlier notified 17 percent. Now manufacturers will not have to pay GST on their purchases if the goods manufactured are meant to be exported. If a registered taxpayer or exporter buys yarn with an aim to sell finished products made of it (yarn) in local markets, then he will pay four percent GST. And afterwards, four percent GST will be charged at every level of value-addition instead of 17 percent. If an unregistered taxpayer buys yarn, then he will be liable to pay six percent GST, and four percent GST will be charged on every step of the value-addition chain. Moreover, authorities have also clarified that the special excise duty will only be charged from other than zero-rated sectors. And those imports that are made for the purpose of exports will also remain zero-rated. The rate of withholding tax has been fixed at one percent. All these decisions will come into force with effect from April 012011. The decisions announced in these respects on March 15 through presidential ordinances and subsequently notified through statuary regulatory orders (SROs) have become null and void. The new decisions were taken by finance minister Abdul HafeezShaikh and chairman of FBR Salman Siddique at a grand meeting with textile makers. Delegates from Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry, chambers of commerce of different cities and representatives of textile bodies participated in the meeting held at Islamabad. This is a win-win situation for the government and textile makers, said a participant of the meeting. There was consensus on the rates of taxes.Officials agreed to implement four to six percent GST on local sales instead of 17 percent after they were made to realize the menace of Afghan Transit Trade (ATT). If the government had not lowered the taxes, it would have encouraged smuggling under ATT and through other channels. According to an estimate, goods worth $2.5 billion were smuggled into the country last year under the garb of Afghan transit trade. Textile Policy 2009-14 Analysis The first ever National Textile Policy was announced by the government in 2009 and is being generally hailed by the stakeholders since it not only addresses some of their key concerns and demands but also shows (albeit after a long wait) the required commitment and assumption of ownership by the Textile Ministry for providing meaningful policy direction to this largest national manufacturing sector. While the announced policy tends to be quite comprehensive and well researched its success will largely depend on the team assigned to micro manage its implementation and the operational strategy it then goes on to adopt. More often than not, perfectly good policies in the past failed to yield the desired results owing to blatant micro-management failures. Further, we find that embedded in the policy itself are measures that represent its core strength but ironically remain beyond the executionary ambit of the Textile Ministry. For example, it is all very well to announce Priority in Gas and Electricity Load Management, but to be able to effectively carry this out poses some serious practical challenges. First, to implement such a measure requires equal assurance and willingness by the related yet different ministries, namely Water Power and Oil Gas. Second, the textile industry itself is scattered and does not draw power from either dedicated textile feeders or textile specific po wer stations. Therefore ensuring continuity of supplies only to textile mills while switching off others, may operationally not be doable. Third, the textile industrial units (especially the small and medium sized) are so grossly intertwined with residential areas in virtually all industrial centers such as, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Sheikhupura, Multan, etc., that it gets to be virtually impossible to separate the gas and electricity supply lines of domestic users from the industrial ones. Perhaps a better approach would have been to consult with relevant ministries and announce that a) Textile units in all sizes are entitled to alternative feeder arrangement that ensures continuity of supply from one feeder while the other is switched off for load management, b) Gas to be made available at the doorstep of textile units (like in the earlier days) to overcome the current prohibitive cost of simply getting a gas connection installed; a cost that at present literally denies a significant portion of the industry from cheap, efficient and clean fuel in shape of natural gas, c) Since gas supply management is there to stay, especially in winters, why not just announce a reduced gas tariff (like in Bangladesh) for industry that can in-turn help average out additional fuel costs undertaken by the industry during the period when gas is not available, and d) An establishment of a joint cell consisting of representatives from related ministries and the industry to create a forum that is easily accessible to mill managements and that can at the same time ensure to resolve problems that emerge on an on-going basis. Increasing Cost of Production Textile industry of Pakistan is facing problems in competing in the international market due to increase in the cost of production. The increase in the cost of production is due to the facts like interest rate, inflation and the continuous depreciation of Pakistani rupee value.Textile exporters rightfully demand reduction of Kibor rate to 8% to avoid a severe decline in exports. A three-year comprehensive textile policy is expected to be announced before budget 2009-10. The textile policy has been designed to enhance the exports of textile sector to $ 25 billion in next three years. This was stated by the Minister for Textile Industry RanaFarooqSaeed Khan. Textile Minister further informed that the spinning and weaving sector would get its due share from the Export Investment Support Fund, worth Rs. 40 billion allocated in the Federal Budget 2009-10. Electricity Crisis As a consequence of load-shedding the textile production capacity of various sub-sectors has been reduced by up to 30 per cent. The joint meeting of APTMA other related organization was held at APTMA House to formulate a joint strategy to address the alarming electricity crisis being faced by the textile industry. The meeting unanimously decided to constitute a joint working group of electricity management for the textile industry in the larger interests of the value chain of the textile industry. The joint working group will meet shortly to design a detailed plan to pursue the following goals; immediate total exemption from Electricity load shedding for the textile industry value chain; Rationalization and reduction of electricity tariff. The load-shedding of electricity cause a rapid decrease in production which also reduced the export order. The cost of production has also risen due to instant increase in electricity tariff. Due to load shedding some mill owner uses alternative s ource of energy like generator which increase their cost of production further. Due to such dramatic situation the capability of competitiveness of this industry in international market effected badly. Fig.1. illustrates comparison between electricity production and consumption (Business Recorder Pakistan -Special report, 2009). Tight Monetary Policy Due to the stiff monetary policy the cost of production is high. Due to high interest rate financing cost increases which cause a severe effect on production. The withholding tax of 1% also effects the production badly. The high cost of doing business is because of intensive increase in the rate of interest which has increased the problems of the industry. The government should take immediate measures to remove slowdown in the textile sector. Removal of subsidy on Textile sector The provisions of Finance Bill 2009-10 are not textile industry friendly at all. Provisions like reintroduction of 0.5% minimum tax on domestic sales, 1% withholding tax on import of textile and articles etc., are nothing but last strick on industrys back. Reintroduction of minimum tax on domestic sales would invite unavoidable liquidity problem, which is already reached to the alarming level. The textile industry was facing negative generation of funds due to unaffordable mark up rate. United States EU cuts imports of textile from Pakistan United States cancel more than 50% of textile orders of Pakistan .US also impose a high duties on the import of textile of Pakistan which effect the export in a bad manner. US EU are the major importer of Pakistan textile which create a huge difference in export of Pakistan textile after imposing a restriction on import of Pakistani textile goods. Raw material Prices Prices of cotton other raw material used in textile industry fluctuate rapidly in Pakistan. The rapid increase in the price raw material effects the cost of production badly. The increase in raw material prices fluctuates rapidly due to double digit inflation instable internal condition of Pakistan. Due to increase in the cost of production the demand for export home as well decreased which result in terms of downsizing of a firm. Hence the unemployment level will also increase. Government should take serious step to survive the textile industry. In order to decrease the price raw material for textile we need to increase our production capability. Simultaneously, the government should make arrangement for introducing international system of Cotton Standardization in Pakistan to enhance quality and value of Pakistan lint cotton by utilizing the technical services of Pakistan Cotton Standard Institute. Effect of Inflation Inflation rate is measured as the change in consumer price index (CPI).Inflation is basically a general rise in the price level. It is decline in the real value of money. Inflation can have adverse effect on economy. Pakistan is one of prey of inflation. It still faces high double digit inflation. The increase in inflation causes the increase in the cost of production of textile good which return in downsizing. The double digit inflation causes reduction in exports of textile. (FPCCI) Chapter 03: Industry Profile: Background: World Textile Industry was initially started in Britain at the beginning of the 18th century was the production of textilesas the spinning and weaving machines were invented in that country.Preston barber Richard Arkwright in 1769, patented a machine that would take cotton spinning from home to the factory. Arkwrights water frame was the first textile machine to use water power rather than muscle power. From this marked the factory system started, which later spread to other industries.According to statistics, the global textile market possesses a worth of more than $400 billion presently. The industry has faced high competition and opportunities in a more globalize environment. It was forecasted that Global textile production will grow by 25% between 2002 and 2010 and Asian region or the Asian countries will largely contribute in this sector.The WTO has taken so many steps for uplifting the textile industry sector. In 1995, WTO had renewed its MFA and adopted agreement on textiles a nd clothing (ATC), which states that all quotes on textile and clothing will be removed among WTO member countries.However the level of exports in textiles from developing countries is increasing even if in the presence of high tariffs and quantitative restriction by economically developed countries.Moreover the role of multifunctional textiles, eco-textiles, e-textiles and customized textiles are considered as the future of textile industry. Types of Textile Industry: These are the industry lie in the textile sector Cotton industry Woolen industry Silk industry Linen industry Pakistan Textile Industry Description: Whenever we think of manufacturing industry in Pakistan, it is textile industry that immediately comes to mind that is playing an important position in terms of the employment generation and value added special contribution towards the exports. Pakistans textile industry is one of the most important sectors of Pakistan. We can say that after agriculture sector, the textile industry is the backbone of Pakistan as it contributes significant part to the country GDP, exports as well as employment. s the fourth largest cotton producer in the world. Because of its plentiful, indigenous cotton supply, the textile industry is central to the Pakistani economy. The Pakistan textile industry has strong base of raw material, started its journey from non existence in 1947 with meager size of 78000 spindles and merely 3000 looms that was unorganized sector, and only 8% domestic demand was catered. The industry has gone through a long way and now possesses 443 units, 8.4 million spindles and 166,000 rotors, 20,000 shuttles less looms, 200,000 power looms, over 600 processing units and over 2500 garments units.Textiles and Clothing, no doubt is the largest industrial sector of Pakistan from the investment, employment and export point of view. It accounts for approximately 27 percent of total industrial output, absorbs about 38 percent of industrial labor force, and contributes around 60 to 65 percent to export earnings. [Pakistan Economics Survey]. The cotton countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Fourth largest producer of cotton after USA, China and India. Third largest consumer of cotton. Third largest exporter of cotton textiles. Second largest supplier of cotton yarn with 26% share of the international market. These are the main sectors of Textile Industry: Spinning Weaving Finishing Dyeing/ Printing Pressing Fashion designing Spinning It is the process of converting raw material into yarn. The raw materials may be natural materials such as cotton or manmade fibers such as polyester. Sometimes, the term spinning is also used for production of manmade filament yarn. Weaving It is the process of making cloths like t-shirts, jeans and all, rugs, blankets and other products by crossing two set of threads over and under each other. Now, weaving machines are used for this process. Weaving is the most important sub-sector of textile. The exports of woven fabrics and other related woven made-ups form a major portion of textile exports from Pakistan. Finishing Finishing of cloth is one of the chief arts in the textile industry. The appearance of the any product is the first concern, and the appearance of any fabric is just because of the methods of finishing. Dyeing/ Printing The Dyeing of clothing and other materials is a fairly simple process. It doesnt consume much time and workactually it often depends on what type of dye you purchase. Printing is something through which cloths are printed with different designing and prints. Pressing The cloths which came after the process of dyeing and printing would go for the pressing. It is simply pressing the cloths. Fashion Designing It is new in the textile industry, actually the popularity of fashion designing begin from previous couple of years. It is the applied art dedicated to clothing and lifestyle accessories created within the cultural and social influences of a specific time. Process of Textile Value Chain Challenges to textile: Frequent fashion changes. Anti dumping policies imposed by major importers. Non tariff barriers may increase such as standards relating to child labour, human rights, wages and working conditions, use of carcinogenic chemicals, inflammable materials, etc. Increased competition from India, China, Turkey, Caribbean Sub-Saharan countries and others who have preferential trade arrangements with major importing countries. High power cost frequent power cuts. Lesser usage of eco-friendly materials.   Lack of international marketing efforts. Higher rate of interest on loans for modernization and expansion.   Less awareness in acquiring international quality certifications. Chapter 04: Company Profile: Name Owner Location Adil Textile Gulistan Textile Mills Limited Quetta. Text Accord Textile Gulistan Spinning Mills Limited Quetta Textile Mils Ltd Ahmed Hassan Textile Mills Limited Gulshan Spinning Rashid Text. Ahmed Spinning Mills Limited Hafiz Textile  Ã‚   Ravi Textile Mills Al -Azhar Textile Hajra Textile Redco Textiles Al-Abid Silk Mills Hala Spinning Regent Textile Ali Asgahar Textile Hamid Textile Mills Reliance Cotton Alif Textile Harnai Woolen Mills Reliance Weaving Al-Jadeed Textile Haroon Oils Resham Textile Allawasaya Textiles Harum Textile Ruby Textile Mills Al-Qadir Textile I.C.C. Textiles Rupali Polyester Limited Amazai Textile Ibrahim Fibre Ltd. Sadoon Textile A

Reservior Dogs Essay -- essays research papers

Joe Egan and Gerry Rafferty were a duo known as Stealers Wheel when they recorded a Dylanesque pop hit, "Stuck in the Middle With You", in April of 1974. The single reached number five on the charts - little did they know that eighteen years later it would become a cult favorite. In 1992 Quentin Tarantino, a little known writer/director, took the Cannes film festival and the world by surprise with his motion picture Reservoir Dogs. The movie is about the difficulties that occur when five "master" criminals are hired by a crime king pin named Joe to pull off the biggest diamond heist of the century. Stuck right in the middle of the movie, the Egan/Rafferty hit is played as a introduction to one of the best or worst torture seens ever in the history of movies. It depends on how you look at it. I'll set-up the scene in the movie where it is being played, try and follow me... The five criminals hired go by color-coded names . During the heist the cops show and things got out of control. Two of the robbers were shot and killed after Mr. Blonde, the "on the edge" gangster started shooting up the place when an employee triggered the alarm. Mr. White and Mr. Orange (an undercover cop) escaped the scene and headed for the hideout where all the men were supposed to meet. On the way to the hideout Mr. Orange was shot, he was bleeding severely but the injury was not life threatening. Shortly after their arrival, Mr. Pink met with them and they all anxiousley waited for Mr. Blonde. Mr. Blonde, acting cool and unaffected by the mornings events, made his entrance. After being questioned by Mr. White about why he went psycho in the store, Mr. Blonde called them out to see a "surprise" he had in his trunk. Mr. Blonde in an effort to find out how the police heard about the robbery in advance had kidnapped a police officer. They carried the man into the warehouse and after tying him to a chair Mr. White and Mr. Pink commenced beating the hell out of him. They Asked him to tell how the police knew of the heist, he said he knew nothing and after beating on him some more, Nice Guy Eddie came in. He was Joe's son and told Mr. White and Mr. Pink that they would have to come with him to ditch the cars. Mr. Blonde was told to stay and keep an eye on the... ...t's about as cinematic a thing as you can do. You're really doing what movies do better than any other art form. It works in this visceral, emotional, cinematic way that's special. And when you do it right and you hit it right, then you can never really hear that song again without thinking about that image from the movie. That's what comercials are counting on, but it never quite works with commercials. The thing is, once a movie has done that with a song, as far as I'm concerned that movie owns it. I mean, they've used "Stand By Me" so many times, but to me the one that used "Stand By Me" that way was The Wanderers. They play "Stand By Me" as the lead character, Ken Wahl, realizes that JFK has been shot. And it's perfect." I couldn't agree more with what Tarentino is saying. His movies especially draw upon music to make the scenes flow together in a surreal, inspiring style. What more can a movie connoisseur like myself ask for in a movie? As Tarentino says "Stand By Me" is perfect in The Wanderers, I say "Stuck in the Middle With You" is perfect in Resovoir Dogs.

Mag Lev Trains :: Magnetic Magnet Train

The basic concept of how a magnetic train works is very simple. The train has magnets all along the underbody. Each magnet is faced the exact same way, with the poles all facing the same direction. As you know from playing with magnets, opposites attract and alike kinds always want to push away. The track which the train rides on is lined with these magnets, with alike poles facing the train. This creates an air cushion between the train and the track. Forward motion of these magnetic trains, resides on the magnetic propultion of the track. The track is lined with magnets that can be switched rapidly back and forth to attract and push the train. Each magnet has an electronic swith attached to it. All the magnet switches are computer controled to accelerate or decelerate the train. Today's world has an ever growing need for higher speed and less travel time, and Mag lev trains meet this demand. Maglev trains use superconducting magnets to propell them, and can reach speeds of up to 550 kilometers per hour. Japan is on the forfront of Maglev technology. Japnanese engineers have built a Maglev train known as the MLX01 which is the fasted train reaching a speed of 552 kilometers per hour. There are two tracks for the MLX01 currently in Japan. One of them is featured above. The Yamanashi test line is where most of the research and testing is performed. The track stretches a span of 42.8km (26.6miles). As stated earlier the MLX01 can reach speeds over 550km/h. However, its main purpose was to test and confirm the miniumum radius curve and steepest gradient and to confirm a steady travel speed of 500km/h (310mph). Japan has a large number of high speed trains. They hold the world record for speed of any train with the MLX01, known as the "Bullet Train". Japan is one the elite leading countries in Mag lev technology, innovation, and design. Look forward to seeing more Mag lev creations from Japan. Germany has shown much interest in Mag lev technology. They too are also on the forfront of Maglev design and technology. The principal high speed line in Germany runs between Wurzburg and Hanover, and part of the railway from Stuttgart to Frankfurt is high speed, and there is a major high speed line under construction which will run between Berlin and Hanover. The only high speed line in Italy runs between Firenze and Rome, a non-stop service using Pendolini trains taking 1hour 30 mins with an average speed of only 103mph, 165km/h.

Black Theology & Black Power According to James H. Cone Essay -- Black

I believe the best place to start this essay would be with an explanation of Black Power. Black Power according to James H. Cone â€Å"is an emotionally charged term that can evoke either angry rejection or passionate acceptance.† Critics see it as blacks hating whites, while advocates see Black Power as the only viable option for black people. Advocates see Black Power meaning black people are taking a dominate role in deciding what the black-white relationship should be in American Society. Rev. Jeremiah Wright, Jr. is preaching this right now. He sees that blacks need to go back to their blackness and no longer live their lives as the white society wants them to. What these two men are encouraging can be very difficult for most people to understand. Most of us see this as a call to violence. What Cone is really saying is that Black Power means the complete emancipation of black people from white oppression by whatever means black people deem necessary. The methods to reach this can include selective buying, boycotting, marching, and even rebellion. Black Power means black freedom, black self-determination, where black people no longer see themselves as without human dignity, but as people, human beings with the ability to carve out their own destiny. Paul Tillich’s analysis of â€Å"the courage to be† further clarifies the meaning of Black Power. He says that â€Å"the courage to be† â€Å"is the ethical act in which man affirms his being in spite of those elements of his existence which conflict with his essential self-affirmation† Black Power is then a humanizing force because it the black man’s attempt to be recognized as a â€Å"thou† in spite of the â€Å"other,† the white power which dehumanizes him. The courage they feel gives them the... ... What it really means is that your heart, your soul, your mind, and your body are where the dispossessed are. Your mind, soul, and heart need to be reconciled to God. Cone ends his book, Black Theology & Black Power with this thought, â€Å"The real questions are: Where is your identity? Where is your being? Does it lie with the oppressed blacks or with the oppressors? Let us hope that there are enough to answer this question correctly so that America will not be compelled to acknowledge a common humanity by see that blood is always one color.† We need to put aside our pasts and try to find the common ground we share in Christ and become reconciled to each other that neither black or white is superior, but we are just the same in God’s eyes and we all bleed in the same color. Work Cited James H. Cone . "Black Theology and Black Power" Orbis Books, 1997